To understand a bit the current student movement
in Chile is necessary to know a few about the history of education and social
and political processes in Chile. For to explain that is necessary remember when
the violence at its best devastates human rights society in Chile, introducing
by force the neoliberal economic model, 43 years ago. As explained in the
research of the regional office for Latin America, he says: In Chile has existed
privatization since the nineteenth century, the State Teachers public education
development pace of the process of democratization of Chilean society, to the
70s'. The neoliberal model imposed by the dictatorship involved the
implementation of new plans to change the character of the state educational
policy: state commitment to subsidizing state. This education, such as health,
social welfare, housing, media, etc., were primarily regulated by the Mercado.
The same thing has happened in the productive sector and services, which meant
that many companies that until that time were propierty of state and public
pass into private hands or were transferred to international consortia. ''
Mainly those more strategic and higher profitability, as the chemical industry
and the steel, power and telecommunications. '' And although the date still
remain a serious business in state hands, these are also found in the
crosshairs of privatization, such as health, ENAP, post office, CODELCO, Enami,
etc.
In the educational field began three different
process: decentralization, municipalization and privatization. This process brought dire consequences increasing social
inequalities by making harder the access to education of quality. This broadly describes
the background of what we live today . The constitutional changes set changes
in funding , this is one of the main problems that families are facing.
Interestingly, the article by Olga Patricia Grau
and Bonzi, published in 'philosophical spellings. Publication of the Seminar on
"Philosophy and Education. Current Problems of Philosophy and its
teaching" mentioned a report of the OECD document entitled Review of
national education policies. Chile recognizes, first, advances in educational
policy from 1990, in particular as the curriculum reforms and remuneration of
teachers is concerned. But it contains a very critical diagnosis of these
privatization models in education and in particular on subsidies. In the final
chapter on "Conclusions and Recommendations" the report says:
"The Chilean education is influenced by an ideology that gives undue
market mechanisms to improve teaching and learning importance." OECD,
2004, p. It is true that the OECD report gives us a clue to understand the
reasons for the persistence of the model: "Trying to restructure the
school funding system in Chile would produce a fracture in the fragile balance
between left and right that formed an implicit part agreement that restored
democratic government .... " We see here, then, as in many other cases,
such as respect for human rights, for example, how the politics of consensus
has resulted in an effective brake on the possibilities of democratization and
greater social justice in Chilean society.
I mentioned above reaffirms that the model
established in dictatorship has strengthened social inequalities. THE 2007 ' '
penguins ' ' provided the impetus that triggered the 2011 with a strong
movement that brought together not only students but also other sectors , such
as public and union workers , where the main theme is the vindication of
education chile , demand of total gratuity and quality for all . The current
government passed an educational reform that talks about ' ' gratuity ' ' but
this gratuity is partial and not for everyone , so it does not comply by what
has been struggling the last 10 years so hard . The movement is still alive and
i hope that the fire keeps glowing in the heart of every person who believes
changes can happen; for a non-sexist, decentralized, free and high quality
education.